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2008-2009 GCSAA
Total Funding Request: $62,000 over 2 years from the GCSA
Environmental Institute
Complete Report >>>>
HERE
Final Report: >>>Here 2007 final report anguina pacificae efficacy trial Year Five Evaluation of Products and Strategies for Suppression and Control of the Stem Gall Nematode {Anguina pacificae) on an Annual Bluegrass {Poa annua) Putting Green Mark M. Mahady,
President Mark M. Mahady and Associates, Inc.
Recently completed Turf Disease Diagnostic Report in CaliforniaAs part of the University of California Turf Disease Diagnostic Lab services, a weekly report is being sent out to update clients of current disease outbreaks in California and nearby locations with a focus on diseases of golf course turf. The update will be sent out on a weekly basis. This update is still a working version, if you have comments about how it can be changed or improved, please e-mail me your suggestions. If you receive duplicate messages, please let me know. More information on the UC Turf Disease Diagnostic Lab and Turf Program
can be found at http://ucrturf.ucr.edu/
and http://www.turfpathology.ucr.edu
Outlook and Summary: June 15, 2009 The weather in the state continues to be weird Ð a few more days of clouds and even showers in the state will make way for sunny skies and warmer temperatures at the end of the week. In the diagnostic lab - we're getting a mish-mash of things, but rapid blight is certainly out there. Anthracnose was picked up on an annual bluegrass green south of Riverside
and anthracnose is firing in our disease research plots. With all of the
June gloom in southern California - I wouldn't be surprised if we start
getting anthracnose and gray leaf spot epidemics early this year!
http://www.gcsaa.org/gcm/2007/may/pdfs/treatingFR.pdf Also, as soil temperatures start to get above 65 degrees, start thinking about anthracnose and summer patch preventive programs on annual bluegrass greens. New Turf Disease Blog Available: Prof. John Kaminski at Penn State has started a new blog featuring national updates and tips on turf disease management here: http://www.turfdiseases.blogspot.com/ It's updated daily, featuring five reports from five different regions from five different plant pathologists. These bloggers are experts on a wide variety of diseases and you may even know some of them! Schedule, Region and Blogger
There's some posts on sping dead spot up there right now but check it
out and let us know what you think.
Quick Weather and Disease Forecast Week of June 15th
>>>
Here
On the other hand - the range in temps we are seeing will make it hard
to say what will pop up - in any case, I think it's going to be ugly after
this heat wave.
This last week, we got an unexpected hit of rapid blight from Colorado.
From the photo here, you can see how much damage occurred to the greens.
Although Colorado courses donÕt normally deal with rapid blight,
it seems like the disease may be fairly widespread and is just waiting
for elevated salt levels to be able to damage annual bluegrass greens.
Notice in this picture that only the annual bluegrass has been taken out
and the creeping bentgrass looks just fine.
In the next few days, we'll be posting past seminars on www.turfpathology.ucr.edu
for Spring Diseases, including Brown Ring Patch, Rapid Blight, and Anthracnose.
Keep checking the website this week for the latest updates.
Help Us Help You – Fill Out Those Sample Information Sheets Please make sure to download and fill out the sample information forms when sending in diagnostic samples. Our updated sample submission page is at: http://turfpathology.ucr.edu/Diagnostics/sample_instructions.htm Tracking down distributors and superintendents takes time away from diagnosing other samples in the lab, and most of all, we want to get the right diagnosis to the right person, right away. The USDA and CDFA have become very stringent with samples and rejected a few boxes in the last few weeks without supporting sample info. This had lead to delayed diagnoses and affected our ability to get back to you ASAP with a disease solution. Please fill out the lab diagnostic forms and include a copy of the federal and state permits to make sure they don’t intercept and throw your stuff away. Help Us Help You – Fill Out Those Sample Information Sheets Please make sure to download and fill out the sample information forms when sending in diagnostic samples. Tracking down distributors and superintendents takes time away from diagnosing other samples in the lab, and most of all, we want to get the right diagnosis to the right person, right away. The USDA and CDFA have become very stringent with samples and rejected a few boxes in the last few weeks without supporting sample info. This had lead to delayed diagnoses and affected our ability to get back to you ASAP with a disease solution. Please fill out the lab diagnostic forms and include a copy of the federal and state permits to make sure they don’t intercept and throw your stuff away. A copy of our USDA and CDFA permits can be found here: http://www.turfpathology.ucr.edu/Downloads/permits/USDApermit76444.pdf http://www.turfpathology.ucr.edu/Downloads/permits/CDFApermit2443.pdf
Make a preventive Pythium application when you know you are in the red zone for the disease since Pythium can cause severe turf loss in 24hrs so its important to watch out for it. Fungicides Available for Control of Pythium Blight
Reminders for Diagnostic Lab Samples
From Monday July 14 to Friday July 18 – there will be a UC Systemwide strike for the UC service workers. U.S. Postal Service and UPS deliveries will be affected, but the effect of Fed EX will be minimal. Please send packages by Fed EX this week to avoid any delays for us getting the packages. If you are sending samples – please let us know what the tracking # is so we are sure that they did not get delayed/misdelivered. Thanks! Please remember to completely fill out and include the sample submission forms in packages. It helps us respond to the right people in the least amount of time. Our diagnostician, Dr. Naveen Hyder, will be updating the website and sample submission forms in the near future. Also – we hate to charge, but we need to cover our operating costs. Please try to send in payments as soon as you can and if there are billing problems, please contact us as soon as possible.
Gray Leaf Spot So far it’s been fairly quiet with regard to gray leaf spot. I predict that this is the week when gray leaf spot is going to explode on perennial ryegrass and kikuyugrass. Although it can pop up on tall fescue and St. Augustine, these turf types are less prone to gray leaf spot damage. If you haven’t already started scouting – it’s really important that you do so this week. Preventive applications are much more effective than curative ones so make your applications in a timely manner to prevent taking excess damage from the disease. Fungicides available for Grey Leaf Spot Control
C curative rate Resistance to QoI-fungicides has developed at some locations, be cautious
if you have used these fungicides repeatedly for gray leaf spot control.
Gray Leaf Spot in Arizona
Pythium Blight
Fungicides Available for Control of Pythium Blight
Curvularia on Annual Bluegrass
The Fungus that Ate Sheboygan
Reminders From Last Week Choosing Gray Leaf Spot Resistant Perennial Ryegrass
Fairy Ring Control
Recent Diagnoses and Observed Disease Activity: Chart ..... Here University of California
Take All and Spring Dead Spot – Preventive Control of Soil Borne Diseases Soil temps have dropped below 65ºF in many locations in California, it’s time to treat preventively for Take-All on bentgrass and Spring Dead Spot on bermudagrass. Preventivel treatment of kikuyugrass for decline wouldn’t be a bad idea either. Fungicides available for these diseases are listed below: >>> http://www.californiagcsa.org/uc%20turf%20disease%20diagnostic%20lab%20services-10-8,%2010-15.htm White Leaf?
http://www.paceturf.org/photo/showphoto.php/photo/933/sort/1/cat/1/page/1 http://www.paceturf.org/photo/showphoto.php/photo/934/sort/1/cat/1/page/1 Dr. Frank P. Wong
Invoices and Bills for Diagnoses
Poa White Leaf and other Mystery Diseases
Pictures are posted here:
http://www.paceturf.org/photo/showphoto.php/photo/855/sort/1/cat/1/page/1 Also in Plumas Co. two courses almost side by side to each other have been seeing the same symptoms – what looks like summer stressed, chlorotic areas of turf. But no definite answers were found in the samples. Any ideas out there? http://www.paceturf.org/photo/showphoto.php/photo/852/sort/1/cat/1/page/1 http://www.paceturf.org/photo/showphoto.php/photo/854/sort/1/cat/1/page/1 Finally, we are seeing some strange symptoms in the aftermath of Waitea
Patch attacks. I was skeptical of initial reports of “greening” inside
rings affected by Waitea, but here it is:
In many locations were recovery from damage has been slow – soil nitrate levels are often low (below 4 ppm) and the thatch is breaking down in the area of the initial yellow ring. Perhaps that no nitrogen = no building blocks for plants = no recovery. The greening inside of the rings? We have not associated a definite fairy ring fungus with it, but perhaps the low fertility greens are responding to the Waitea weakened or killed grass being broken down by saprophytes and releasing N. If you have an idea – let us know. *OLD NEWS AND REMINDERS*
If your maximum daytime temperature + % minimum relative humidity > 140-145, start scouting for Gray Leaf Spot. Historically severe outbreaks have taken place when max T + min RH > 150-160. A primer on GLS is located at http://www.ncga.org/turf/gray.htm Looking at the trends at a few locations, it seems that areas like coastal LA, Irvine and San Diego are most at risk right now. Although the > 140 index is a rule of thumb for scouting, there are two other things to consider. Generally, the maximum daytime temperature has to be consistently above 70 to 75ºF and the pathogen has had to have a few cycles to get started as the first set of infections may be unnoticed or in less intensively managed areas in roughs – you may need a few good infection periods before something becomes noticeable. From the chart below based on CIMIS-station data, you can see how the index has been developing since June 1. Areas like Riverside and El Dorado have a relatively low index since – although it’s been hot, the humidity has generally been low. Santa Monica would appear to have the highest index so far, with a good combination of heat and humidity. Areas like Irvine, San Diego and Santa Barbara appear to have similar index numbers, but I would suspect the threat in Santa Barbara and San Diego would be less, since Irvine has had 22 days above 70ºF, while Santa Barbara and San Diego have only had 15 and 18 days above 70ºF.
Anthracnose and Donuts
Larry Stowell reported getting his first anthracnose sample on Monday from a course in Irvine – so it appears that it’s active in both parts of the state, in both warm (Irvine) and hot (Roseville) weather. Fungicides recommended in a mid-season anthracnose program, based on UCR fungicide trial results over the last two years include the following applied at 14 day intervals: 4 oz Signature + 3.2 oz Daconil Ultrex
0.33* to 0.50 oz Medallion
3.2 oz Daconil Ultrex Since Summer Patch is often active at the same time, one of the following
should be applied once a month during the summer to annual bluegrass greens
Reminder - Start Scouting for Gray Leaf Spot Now on Perennial Ryegrass
and Kikuyugrass
By the way – there will definitely be a prize for whoever gets the first gray leaf spot....details to come. *OLD NEWS AND REMINDERS*
Bipolaris and Rhizoctonia on Perennial Ryegrass
Waitea Patch Control Trial at Torrey Pines.
Waitea Patch Marches on.  This picture was sent in this week from LA county – it’s a great shot of Waitea producing rings with “scalloped” edges on annual bluegrass. So far we have not isolated any R. cerealis from rings like this in 2006. Price Structure Change
Invoices and Billing System Changes
Waitea Patch Control Trial at Torrey Pines.
** averages followed by the same letter are the same (p < 0.05, Duncan-Waller
k-ratio test)
Candice had treated the greens with Banner MAXX about a week prior to the start of the trial and the first application didn’t stop the disease entirely. Initially, the plots were all about the same with regard to disease development, but after one curative application (applied at 2 gal/ 1000 sq ft with TeeJet 8002 flat fan nozzles), it seemed that all but Clearys 3336 had some effect in reducing the disease. Compass had the least effect, but was statistically equivalent to the remaining treatments. Numerically, Banner MAXX, Medallion, Endorse, Heritage and ProStar were the strongest based on the May 25 rating. There was some variation in performance – ProStar was strong on May 24., but weaker on May 19; the same was true for Insignia to a lesser extent. 26GT appeared to have good activity on May 19, but less so on May 24. Isolations from the green on May 12 indicated that the primary pathogen species was Waitea circinata var circinata, but there was some Rhizoctonia zeae present. It takes about 14-21 days to tell them apart 100%, and we were surprised to see some R. zeae, but I don’t think it changes the trial too much in this case. The jury is still out as far as the best treatment. With regard to Banner MAXX, maybe more than one treatment is needed for effective control. Just this week, two courses (Newport Coast, Palos Verdes) said they got good control with ProStar and one didn’t (Santa Barbara). One location in Napa treated with Heritage and the fungus was still active. An additional location (Tustin) indicated that 4 oz of Endorse also cleaned up the disease. We are in the process of confirming which species affected these locations. Additional details from the trial can be found at the PACE website, including additional data from a rating on May 19. www.paceturf.org – the info is located in the photo gallery: http://www.paceturf.org/photo/showphoto.php/photo/792/sort/1/cat/1/page/1 The bottom line:
It’s critical that we get more isolates from more locations as well as feedback from folks as far as what is and what is not working --- it’s still a mystery we are trying to figure out! We’ll have some lab tests done soon to try to help sort this out. Waitea vs Rhizoctonia
There are four diseases of turf caused by Rhizoctonia type fungi on
turf (one disease, Sheath and Leaf Spot is associated with either of two
fungi), these are listed below:
* name for disease on bentgrass proposed to the Japanese society of
Phytopathology
Fungi get two names – a Telemorphic Name describing the sexual form of the fungus, which is often rare in nature and an Anamorphic Name for the asexual state. For example, the Yellow Patch pathogen can be called Ceratobasidium cereale or Rhizoctonia cerealis; but since we see the asexual form nearly 100% of the time, most pathologists just say Rhizoctonia cerealis. For The fungi causing Sheath and Leaf Spot/Brown Ring Patch/Waitea Patch – it’s a little more complex. Morphologically, they all look about the same thus the Teleomorph name was assigned as Waitea circinata. Since there were small differences in biology between these – they divided this species into three varieties: oryzae, zeae and circinata. The old names for two of these groups were Rhizoctonia zeae and Rhizoctaonia oryzae, which have been renamed Rhizoctonia circinata var zeae and Rhizoctonia circinata var oryzae, respectively. At the time, when we figured out that we had a new pathogen – there was no accepted “Rhizoctonia” name for it, so we had to use the assigned Teleomorphic Name, Waitea circinata var circinata and also called the disease “Waitea Patch” since it was not 100% clear if Rhizoctonia circinata var zeae and Rhizoctonia circinata var oryzae were involved. To boil it down to the syrup:
***Old News***
Anthracnose and Summer Patch
Preventive Programs
Just as a reminder, here are fungicides with microdochium patch/pink
snow mold and cool temp Rhizoctonia activity (x = labeled for use)
Frank P. Wong
Gray Leaf Spot Gray leaf spot is still a threat during overseeding, especially if temperatures are high and there is sufficient leaf wetness for disease to develop; keep an eye out for the max temp + min RH > 140 as a risk assessment. It’s almost time for overseeding on California courses - just a few quick notes with respect to some diseases: Gray Leaf Spot
In our variety trial that we put out in Newport Coast this last year, there was no significant difference between varieties used since disease pressure was not very high in the trial location. Treatment #
Variety Name
GLS %
Turf Quality (9= highest)
On certain parts of the course at the trial location, you could see a clear difference between GLS and non-GLS tolerant varieties (GLS tolerant is on the right hand side)  You can see a list of gray leaf spot tolerant varieties athttp://ntep.org/data/pr99/pr99_04-8f/pr9904ft25.txt A caveat for tolerant varieties though - Dr. Bruce Clarke at Rutgers
University has commonly observed that even highly tolerant varieties can
be severely affected by the disease if over fertilized and over irrigated
in the summer.
Turfgrass Research Projects UpdatesFrank P. Wong, Ph D. Department of Plant Pathology University of California, Riverside, CA. .............. update pdf file Gray Leaf Spot - Dr. Frank Wong, UC Riverside Gray Leaf Spot Research Program: http://www.paceturf.org/PTRI/Documents/gray_leaf_spot_prop.pdf
Pythium Blight
A short write up on Pythium control is available at:
With regard to chemical control; on greens make sure to apply fungicides past the green onto the collar to provide an extra buffer zone of greens protection from Pythium that may be outside of the green. Also, cases of Pythium resistance to mefenoxam/metalxyl (Subdue, Apron,
etc) have been documented in California and other locations. If you
have had performance issues with this class of fungicide or just want a
little extra insurance, you may want to consider using a tank mix with
other pythium fungicides or using these in rotation with mefenoxam.
The fungus we are picking up now in much warmer weather (80ºF +)
is highly suspected to be Rhizoctonia zeae.
More info on the different Rhizoctonia species can be found at:
As far as fungicidal control - most fungicides labeled for regular Rhizoctonia
brown patch (R. solani) are effective
Superintendents have reported no recovery from suspected R. zeae infections
after fungicide applications.
Just a quick reminder of what’s commonly recommended
against the 3 Rhizoctonia species.
"New" March 2006
Please find attached the February 2008 issue of News from the UCR Turfgrass Program.
PACE Turfgrass Research
GCSAA Chapter Cooperative Research
Program
FINAL REPORT (pdf file) SUMMARY REPORT (pdf file)
Contact Information
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